Mosquito Spraying: Is It Dangerous For You Health?

Mosquito spraying is one of the most commonly used methods to stop the breeding of these nasty insects. Due to the fact that there are chemicals that are spread over areas where people live, mosquito spraying raises a lot of question like : are those pesticides safe for my health? Does it affects my pets ? What about the objects left outside are they affected by mosquito spraying? And so on. In this article we will try to answer to some of these questions.

Mosquito spraying is done using mounted fogging units to apply insecticides as an ultra-low-volume (ULV) spray. These units spray units dispense very fine aerosol droplets (fog) that stay aloft and kill mosquitoes on contact. The amount of insecticide used in mosquito spraying is small compared to the area treated, usually about 3 to 5 ounces per acre, which minimizes exposure and risks to people and the environment. Mosquito spraying is also done by thermal foggers that use an oil carrier that is heated to disperse the pesticide in a dense smoke-like fog.

During mosquito spraying , flying mosquitoes within the treated area are killed. Although the local mosquito population is reduced for a few days, fogging does not prevent mosquitoes from re-entering the area.

The most commonly used products in mosquito spraying are pyrethrins, synthetic pyrethroid insecticides (such as Scourge ® and Anvil ®)and malathion. Pyrethrins are insecticides derived from the extract of chrysanthemum flowers. Pyrethroids are human made forms of pyrethrins. Both of them act as contact poisons, affecting the insect's nervous system. For mosquito spraying they are combined with a synergist (such as piperonyl butoxide) that allows the insecticide to be more effective by restricting the enzyme that insects use to detoxify the pyrethrins.
Pyrethrins and pyrethroids are use in mosquito spraying without posing unreasonable risks to human health when applied according to the label although, in high dosage, pyrethroids can affect the nervous system, coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, chest pain, runny or stuffy nose. Regarding the wild life and the environment these two insecticides do not pose unreasonable risks, also. When used in mosquito spraying they are low in toxicity to mammals, and are practically nontoxic to birds. However they are toxic to fish and to bees. Therefore E.P.A (Environmental Protection Agency) prohibits the mosquito spraying to open water or within 100 feet of lakes, streams, rivers or bays.

Malathion is an organophosphate insecticide that has been registered for the first time in the United States in1956. It is used to kill insects on agricultural crops, on stored products, on golf courses, in home gardens, and in outdoor sites where trees and shrubs are grown at home and also used in mosquito spraying. Malathion comes in two forms: a pure form of a colorless liquid and a technical-grade solution (brownish-yellow liquid), which contains malathion (greater than 90%) and impurities in a solvent. The technical-grade malathion smells like garlic.

For mosquito spraying, this substance is applied at a maximum
rate of 0.23 pounds (or about 2.5 fluid ounces) of active ingredient per acre, so it doesn't pose unreasonable risk to human health. However, at high doses, malathion, like other organophosphates, can overstimulate the nervous system causing nausea, dizziness, or confusion. Severe high-dose poisoning with any organophosphate can cause convulsions, respiratory paralysis, and death. Malathion degrades rapidly in the environment, especially in moist soil, and it displays low toxicity to birds and mammals, but is highly toxic to beneficial insect (ex honey bees) too. Therefore E.P.A set a few regulations for the use of this product.

So these would be the most important aspects of mosquito spraying that you should be concerned about along with the main chemical components used in this process.

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What You Should Know About Surround Sound Speaker

Are you a music lover? Do you want a change in the conventional sound? Do you want to experience the sound coming from every corner of your room? Then you should know about surround sound. Surround sound normally gives you such an effect that you will feel that the sound is coming from every corner of the room, though it is played in front of you.

Surround sound is becoming more and more popular every day. This particular kind of sound is being used mainly in the cinema halls. It gives you a more realistic effect of the film. But apart from cinema halls, it is available for your music system too. How? It's simple. You can have this effect with the help of a surround sound speakers.

To know more about surround sound, we first need to understand how a surround sound speaker works. The speakers are located in various positions of the room. They receive multiple audio channels. The whole program is located in one source. When the source starts playing, the sound tracks being decoded simultaneously.

Surround sounds have different formats. They are, Dolby Digital, Dolby Surround, Dolby Pro Logic II X, Dolby Digital EX, DTS, Dolby True HD, True Surround XT, and DTS-ES etc. There are a variety of Surround sound speakers.

Front right and front left speakers

These two speakers are most important in the surround sound system. All the major sounds come from these two speakers. For such importance most of the manufacturing companies keep an eye on these two speakers especially. They always try to make it powerful and high quality. These speakers are very much used in CD players, home theaters etc.

Center channel speaker

It is a small size speaker. It is normally placed below or above the TV set. It delivers the dialogues of the TV or cinema. It makes the dialogs clear. This speaker is shielded magnetically. So they are not able to harm the TV set. Normally the mid range frequencies are being handled by this speaker.

Rear channel speaker

This speaker is placed according to the seating arrangement of the listener. The speaker models also define the placement arrangement of this speaker. For instance, in a 5.1 surround sound set up, there are two such speakers and they are placed right behind the listeners. Four speakers are allotted for the 6.1 version. Here, two speakers are placed behind the head of the listener and two on either side of the listener.

Subwoofer

Subwoofer is a very important part of surround sound speaker. The subwoofer produces extremely low frequencies. It will be a great help for you, when you are watching an action movie or listening to a music that consists a lot of percussion. It also produces deep bass. Subwoofer is omni directional and so it can be kept anywhere in the room. It is very essential for a home theater.

Surround sound speaker have lots of benefits. Listening to music or viewing a cinema becomes very delicious because of this kind of speaker. It makes the movie and music more realistic. In short, this speaker is actually giving a new dimension to the new age sound.

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Train Holidays - Top 10 Worldwide Great Rail Journeys

Actually top 11 - couldn't decide which of these amazing journeys to leave out so have included an extra stunning train holiday. Any one of these amazing trips would be an unforgettable experience.

1. Trans-Siberian Express

The classic journey of 9288 kilometres linking Moscow and Vladivostok, passing through 8 time zones. On board the Golden Eagle, you will be transported back to the age of romance as you wend your way across the Russian steppes to the Sea of Japan, all in unprecedented luxury. Discover one of the most remote parts of the world, passing beautiful scenery as you journey between amazing cities and discover fascinating histories.

2. Orient Express - London to Venice

The fabled Orient Express train brings a travel experience unlike any other. Adventure and romance are all intimately bound up in a choice of trips that traverse Europe and Asia between some of the world's most beguiling cities. The most familiar Orient Express train journey is that of the Venice Simplon Orient Express between London and Venice. Envisage departing Victoria Station in a cloud of steam and arriving at Venice's Santa Lucia after a beautiful and romantic journey through the Alps aboard the Orient Express!

3. Cusco to Machu Picchu on the Hiram Bingham

At one time solely accessible on foot, now there's a genuinely relaxing way to reach Machu Picchu: onboard the Hiram Bingham train. Meander past towering mountains and the tumbling, crashing waters of the Urubamba River - towards the citadel discovered by the adventurer and explorer from whom it takes its name. The lost city of Machu Picchu and the treasures of Peru are revealed in this high-altitude adventure, mixing beautiful rail journeys with 1st class hotels. A truly memorable experience from start to finish it includes visits to Lima, Arequipa, Lake Titicaca and Cusco.

4. Blue Train

The Soul of South Africa - a classic and most opulent rail journey, this railway holiday combines luxurious hotels and lodges, stunning scenery and unbelievable wildlife. Discover some of South Africa's true highlights and journey from Cape Town to Pretoria on the famed Blue Train - one of the world's genuinely iconic rail journeys.

5. Canadian Railroad Adventure

Exhilarating scenery in the Canadian Rockies is the setting for this true outdoor rail adventure. From lively Toronto all the way to Vancouver and the Pacific Ocean, you traverse the plains. passing glaciers and aquamarine lakes as you travel across this huge country. Discover the incredible diversity of Canada's landscape; there is no better means to cross this immense country from east to west than by rail.

6. The Lhasa Express

Travelling 750 miles and reaching an altitude of almost 17,000 feet this spectacular journey takes you to the 'Rooftop of the World' through remote and staggeringly beautiful Tibet. You'll see sights and experience things you can only dream of as you travel from hustle and bustle of Beijing to ancient Lhasa in Tibet. Apart from the stunning scenery, among other highlights you will also be able to visit the Dalai Lama's summer and winter palaces - Norbu Lingka and the Potala Palace.

7. Colonial Mexico & the Copper Canyon

Discover the grandeur of the dramatic Copper Canyon on an exhilarating rail adventure. Vibrant cities, bewitching colonial towns and mystical ancient Aztec ruins make for the perfect Mexican holiday. Explore the Copper Canyon on a 2 day rail adventure on board the Chepe train. Step back in time at the ancient ruins of Teotihuacan and Monte Alban. Experience the sights, sounds and aromas of colourful markets and try delicious Mexican cuisine in Puebla and Oaxaca

8. Pride of Africa

Experience opulence and old world service on a glorious rail journey aboard the Pride of Africa. Discover the absolute splendour of Victoria Falls and the magnificence of Cape Town. Delight in the elegant comfort and roomy cabins aboard the Pride of Africa train. Take in a sunset cruise on the Zambezi River. Luxuriate in five-star cuisine served in the deluxe surroundings of the dining car

9. India's Golden Triangle

Another iconic rail tour, India's Golden Triangle takes in the Red and Amber Forts, beautiful palaces, temples and ornate gardens, as you visit Delhi, the pink city of Jaipur and Agra with its white marble icon. The area is dubbed 'golden' for the incomparable riches of cultural and historic splendour they offer. Travel in comfort on the Shatabdi Express and the Indore Jodhpur Ranthambore Express. Discover the magnificence of royal buildings and search for some of nature's most majestic creatures on a safari.

10. Coast-to-Coast USA

Experience a once-in-a-lifetime coast to coast rail journey across the most diverse country in the world! This holiday epitomises all that is best in a grand rail tour, where the journey is just as exciting as the destinations to which you head. Travel through unmatchable landscapes on board iconic trains, wonder at the natural wonders of the Grand Canyon and the American Rocky Mountains, in addition to the man-made wonders of New York, Chicago, San Francisco and more.

11. Great Australian Railroad Adventure

Journey from Perth, across the isolated landscape of this immense continent, to Adelaide. Experience the glorious Barrier Reef, stimulating Sydney and the stunning Hunter Valley, on this 21 day epic journey on board the Indian Pacific Train.

Dogs Make the Absolute Best Pets in the Whole Wide World

The best pet a person can own is a dog. The pet business is a billion dollar industry today. A person can purchase most any type pet they desire within reason and of course, within the law.

Puppies purchased from a pet shop, more likely than not, come from puppy mills. Most puppy mills are deplorable places with unclean conditions and owners with little to no regard for the adult dogs or should I say, breeding stock. Pet shops that resell puppies from private individuals or local breeders can be found. You have to be careful and research before you buy a puppy from a pet shop that may be supporting a puppy mill.

Daily classified ads are great places to locate puppies from individuals or local breeders. That way you get to talk to the breeder one on one and ask pertinent questions about the overall health of the breeding pair. On some occasions you might get to see at least one and sometimes both parents of the puppy.

Animal Shelters run by the Humane Society, American Society for the Prevention and Cruelty to Animals or any sanctioned animal rescue organization are the ideal place to get yourself a terrific dog. These dogs have been de-wormed, had their vaccinations updated and had complete checkups for things like heartworms, that can show up months down the road. Their personality is also tested for any aggressive behavior that would make the dog unsafe for human interaction.

Once a person bonds with a dog, the best friend scenario is sealed. Dogs communicate with their owners. I am not say they literally talk, but my dogs let me know if and when they are hungry, thirsty, startled, suspicious, happy, sad, hot, cold, hurting or have to go outside to eliminate. That is not all they tell me, but that is saying a lot.

A dog adds so much to the quality of life for their owners. I have always had and always will have a dog in my life. The love, loyalty and companionship are unsurpassed. For myself and millions like me, a dog makes the absolute best pet.

Visiting Kangaroo Island In South Australia

As one of the world's top destination islands, a trip to the state of South Australia would not be complete without a stop at Kangaroo Island. If you are planning on visiting this unique and fun-filled place, be sure to allow at least three days for sightseeing. Over seven times the size of Singapore, this is not a place that should be crammed into a daytrip!

The city of Kingscote is the busiest area of the island, and acts as its commercial center. With a harbor built around the Nepean Bay, this town is known for its recreational boating and fishing opportunities, as well as the chance to dine on freshly caught seafood. The area is also home to the peculiar "little penguins" who have taken the local sandstone cliffs as their homes. Night tours can be arranged to watch the animals as they return to their dens after searching for food in the ocean. An important heritage site in Kingscote is Reeves Point, the site of the old town of Kingscote.

The village of American River is the home of Kangaroo Island's oyster fishery. Here you'll find excellent boating opportunities, and might even glimpse the endangered glossy black cockatoo. The nearby Pelican Lagoon is a tranquil aquatic reserve filled with native birds, making it an ideal bird watching destination.

The North Coast area is home to the small holiday town of Emu Bay, where you'll find beautiful beaches allowing swimming, boating and picnicking. Only 18 kilometers from Kingscote, Emu Bay can be a quiet home base to explore the many attractions found on the island.

The heart of the island is centered in Parndana, the "place of little gums." Established in 1951 as a result of an agricultural boom in the area, Parndana is considered a very typical small Australian town. Local wildlife is abundant here, so take care when driving. Nighttime koala tours can be arranged through the Community Hotel.

A Short History of Statue of Liberty and Eiffel Tower

The Statue of Liberty and Eiffel Tower are both wonders of the world. They are the iconic beauties of America and France. Both are tall and huge structures and it is interesting to know that the famous "Statue of Liberty" which is a well-loved symbol of hope and peace that was gifted to the American people by France.

The Statue of Liberty is a statue of pale lady holding a torch with her one hand raised and the other hand holding a book close to her chest. The statue is located in New York. The Eiffel Tower stands as one of the artistic beauties of Paris. It was designed by architect named Gustav Eiffel and was originally built in a three year time period from 1887 to 1889 for the Exposition Universelle which is known as the World's Fair. It was specially held in Paris to commemorate the birthday of the French Revolution which brought democracy to France.

France had supported the Americans in their struggle of freedom from the British rule and a formidable friendship developed between both countries during the American Revolution. The French were admired by this historical event of America's success of establishing a democratic government.

The appearance of Statue of Liberty was mainly influenced by the neoclassical artistic style of the 19th century. The idea to create a lady struck the minds of a small group of French intellectuals at a dinner party. Their talks were focused on the close relations between France and America and the voices of the guests expressed admiration and sympathy.

An interesting fact is that Gustav Eiffel who the creator of the famous Eiffel Tower was also the engineer for Statue of Liberty's complex skeleton. He wanted to build Eiffel Tower in the city of Barcelona in Spain for the Universal Exposition in 1888. However Barcelona thought that the tower was too expensive and did not fit the style of the city. The city hall of Barcelona voted against the proposal ultimately sending Gustav Eiffel to submit his plans to the city of Paris.

The height of the Statue of Liberty is 151 feet and 10 inches. The Eiffel Tower has a total height of 1,063 feet which includes the antenna of 79 feet high that was added years later.

Visitors can climb the Statue of Liberty to the balcony around the torch with the help of a steel ladder. Eiffel tower has three levels and it continues to be updated with new shops and restaurants and it has retained its essence from its initial days.

The Statue of Liberty is an attraction for tourists and the Eiffel Tower is known today as a cultural icon and one of France's most beloved landmarks.

Air Pressure Homeschool Science Experiment - How Airplanes Fly

Homeschool science education is fun! It is more fun when you can use things found around the house to demonstrate some naturally occurring phenomena such as air pressure. Flying a toy plane is every child's dream, and if it is combined with education, it can promote better understanding.

Before we go into the fun learning activities that you could co-ordinate with a homeschool science program, let me teach you some principles on which airplanes fly. There are some forces working on an airplane as it flies. They are the forces of thrust and drag and lift and gravity.
 
Thrust moves the airplane forward, and is provided by the jet engine and the propeller. Drag is a force of resistance that works in the opposite direction of thrust and slows down the airplane. Lift works in the upward direction and is produced by the wings. Gravity works in a direction opposite to the lift and pulls the plane down due to its weight. The right balance between these four forces keeps the plane flying.
 
Airplanes are shaped in such a way so as to minimize drag caused by air pressure, in order to allow them to glide smoothly. When air hits a moving object having a smaller area, it does not cause much resistance since there is less air pressure working on that object. On the other hand, when air hits a moving object with a larger area, it causes resistance as there is a higher pressure working on that object.
 
This is why airplanes are aerodynamically designed with cone-shaped noses so that the air pressure on the airplane body is reduced. This reduces drag and allows them to glide effortlessly through the air.
 
As an airplane moves with great speed on the runway, the wings are tilted upwards, increasing the air pressure on them. Therefore the airplane is lifted off the runway and rises higher. The angle of the wings determines how high the airplane will lift. In the same way, air pressure is used to maneuver the plane using the tail rudder.
 
You can blend the following fun activity with your homeschool science program. Buy a balsa wood toy airplane at your local store or drug store. As we assemble the airplane, we will experiment how it flies as we add each part.
 
To begin with, fly only the airplane body without the fins or wings. You will find that it is no better than a shoe flung in the air. The thrust is of no use, as it cannot make the right use of air pressure to fly.
 
Now attach only the large wing and fly the airplane. Your plane will seem to lift but then somersaults or plummets to the ground.

Next attach the horizontal stabilizer tail and fly it with a curve. You will notice that the somersaults have stopped but there is a zigzag movement.
 
Attach the vertical tail or rudder and now check out your toy airplane. This time you will notice a successful flying spell without any fishtail movements.
 
Here's something for you to figure out on your own. Fly the airplane without the metal nose clip and see what happens. What is the purpose of this metal clip?

Musicians - Tools You Can Use To Enhance Your Career

There are different ways of describing musicians. One of way that we describe musicians is that they are professionals who have mastered the art of playing musical instruments. Some common examples of musical instruments include pianos, guitars, violins, drums and even the saxophones. Another way that we can describe musicians is that they are professionals who entertain others by singing or performing music creatively using their voice. Of the two definitions, this is the most common. Musicians have been blessed with the talent of composing and performing music in front of an audience. Most of the time musicians have been known to use musical instruments to accentuate their voices although there are other musicians who prefer to perform without using accompaniments.

That said; there are two types of musicians; namely amateur musicians and professional musicians. Let's look at each of these musicians briefly. Amateur musicians are people who are talented with the ability to compose and perform music but they do not consider music as an occupation. In other words, amateur musicians compose and perform music purely for fun and do not charge for their performances. In most cases, these people work in a group and they spend their free time performing for charity.

Professional musicians, on the other hand, consider music as a career. They compose and perform music for a fee. Some of these musicians have been known to work part time although the majority of professional musicians have embraced their musical careers fully and depend on them for their day to day upkeep.

There a lot of challenges that professional musicians face. One of the most common challenges that they have to overcome is dealing with rogue managers. Musicians can spend countless hours working on a record in a studio and when they finally come up with a song they are required to promote it by performing in front of a live audience in several locations. With that said; most of these professionals hire managers to manage their appearances and even interact with clients and other organizations that want a given musician to grace their venues and ceremonies.

It goes without saying that some of these managers take advantage of their positions and exploit the musicians. Numerous complaints have been filed by musicians about their managers who ripped them off or ran away with their earnings after they performed for a client. On that note; this article will talk about the tools that professional musicians can use to enhance their career and ensure that they do not get ripped off by rogue managers.

There are numerous tools that these professionals can use to help them. Of all the tools, online booking systems are among the best and the most effective. Let us look at few ways that online appointment scheduling systems can be beneficial to professional musicians.

One way that online booking systems can help these professionals is by eliminating the need to hire stage managers. Instead of employing a stage manager who might swindle you out of your hard earned money, as a musician, you can opt to use online booking systems. You can integrate these systems with your official website for them to be effective. Once that is done, potential clients can use the scheduling software that comes with the system to contact you through your website and send you an appearance request together with the amount that they are willing to compensate you among many other details. You will then receive this information by email. By using these systems you will ensure that are the only person who interacts with your clients and as such your hard work will not go down the drain because there will be no third party involvements.

The second way that online booking systems can help musicians enhance their career is by preventing them from wasting their time. Instead of spending their time chasing rogue managers for their compensation they can spend their time more productively in the studio coming up with more sound tracks for their albums.

Why Learn Music?

When you've decided to go ahead with music lessons, it can be a big event in your child's life. So, what's in it for them?

Brain development

Music training has many advantages for the student, including better development of the areas of the brain devoted to language and reasoning. Learning music can help to rewire some areas of the left brain to help language processing. Another benefit is in spatial development. This helps the development of mathematical intelligence, pattern recognition and problem solving. In general, learning music through childhood is associated with higher marks and better performance in high school and beyond.

The wider experience

Music comes to us from many countries, and children are exposed to music from other cultures. This helps to encourage tolerance and empathy towards difference without it being threatening.

Teamwork and discipline

Fostering excellence is the work of a good teacher. If a note is out of tune, a student has to learn to get it into tune. It has to be in time, and if playing with others, one has to come in at the right time too. All of these things must be learned, which is excellent discipline and helps the child look for and attain excellence, which translates into other areas of life.

Performance

Performing with others is part of music education. Whether it's a symphony orchestra, big band, recorder group, choir or small ensemble, this is teamwork and discipline, as well as being highly enjoyable to most participants. Rewards come from hard work, and self-esteem is enhanced.

Dealing with stress

The experience of dealing with music exams, preparation and performance will expose the child to some degree of nervousness, as well as achievement. The ability to cope with these events helps them to cope with other stresses in later life, and know that they can come through them safely.

Being more creative

Music is self-expression and creativity. Through learning an instrument, the child may well foster a talent in composing or other aspects of creative work. Working with others can be rewarding and spiritual, leading to a more well-rounded person.

Conclusion

All of these benefits come from long-term musical training, preferably with a good, professional teacher, an investment in a quality instrument, and lots of positive encouragement from parents and family. Forcing a child to learn when they aren't interested is a waste of time and money. But if they are interested, even if they don't have a lot of talent, they can still enjoy themselves and reap rewards.

Interesting Facts About Australia

Australia is a continent that many people are fascinated with, and for good reason. It is full of sites and places that thousands of tourists flock to each year.

But there is more to Australia than just a lot of things to see. There are many interesting historical and present day facts about Australia, including:

Australia was home to thousands of prisoners.

When the British began to settle Australia in the late 1700s, their main motivation for doing so was to establish a land to send their prisoners to. The common practice of that time was to send convicts and prisoners (typically those who owed money or defied the government in some way) to the American colonies to work for a period of seven to fourteen years. However, when the British lost control of the American colonies, they had no place to send their prisoners until James Cook, the first Englishman to chart and explore Australia, suggested it as a suitable place. As a result, thousands of British prisoners were sent to Australia, where they eventually were set free and allowed the colonies to prosper. Now, about twenty five percent of Australians have ancestors who were convicts.

There were originally over 200 languages in Australia.

Australia was first inhabited over 40,000 years ago by Aboriginal people. These tribes of Aborigines in the states and across the country spoke over 200 languages and dialects. However, more than half of these dialects are now extinct, as over ninety percent of the original Aborigines were killed when the British settled the continent, mostly as a result of diseases the Europeans brought over.

Australia is the smallest continent in the world.

Australia can claim itself as a country, continent, and island. While it is the smallest continent in the world, it is also the largest island in the world. In addition, Australia is the only country in the world that makes up an entire continent. The majority of the people in Australia live in the large coastal cities because over ninety percent of Australia is actually dry and flat, and about three quarters of the land can't support any type of agriculture.

Australia is famous for its sheep.

The population of Australia is more sheep than people; in fact, there are roughly ten sheep in Australia for every person. As a result, Australia is the largest exporter in the world of lamb meat and wool.

Australia's most famous animals are unique to Australia only.

When many people think of wildlife in Australia, they think of such animals as koala bears and kangaroos. Because Australia is an island and not connected to any other land, it has developed its own wildlife. The kangaroo, koala bear, emu, and kookaburra are animals that are only found in the wild in Australia.

Australia is a smart country.

Presently, Australia claims to have a 100% literacy rate, one of the highest in the world. Perhaps this is why they read more newspapers per capita than any country in the world.

Australians love to gamble.

Per capita, Australians spend more money on gambling than any other country in the world. And although they make up less than one percent of the total population of the world, Australia has over twenty percent of the world's poker machines.

As you can see from these few facts, Australia is a country that is full of interesting facts, both from the past as well as the present. For more Australia visit Australia at "Surfing the Net with Kids."